If you've ever been to a guitar store, you've probably seen a mandoline. Most people would probably not even look at them, but this is a very versatile instrument that deserves your attention. This instrument was developed in the 18th century, but don't let that confuse you, a mandoline instrument can easily help you play classic rock, folk, jazz and other music styles. So, if you're looking to get this instrument for yourself, here are the most important things and features to have in mind.
Types
There are three main families of mandolin - the Classical, the Celtic, and the Bluegrass. This instrument originated in Italy as a classical instrument similar to the Medieval cittern and was preferred by composers like Vivaldi. During the 19th century, the mandolin became a popular 'light' classical instrument, leading to a mandolin craze in Western Europe at the start of the 20th century. Italian mandolins typically have a bowl-back design resembling small lutes, while German mandolins have distinct sides and a lightly arched back.
Classical
Classical mandolins from the 19th century are often antiques and often musicians don't consider getting them, as they may not be easily playable. If you're interested in period classical mandolins, it's best to seek out quality antique instruments from experienced dealers, even if it means paying a higher price.
Celtic
Celtic mandolins are characterized by their teardrop shape, flat or slightly arched top and back, and lively sound with good sustain and jangle, making them ideal for jigs and reels. These mandolins are a popular choice for beginners, as they are familiar and approachable, especially for those transitioning from guitar. The differences between Celtic mandolins are minor for beginners, so any model is suitable for starting out.
Bluegrass
The most widespread modern mandoline instrument type is the bluegrass, characterized by violin-like arched tops and F holes. Initially produced commercially by the Gibson guitar company, Gibson held a dominant position in the market, influencing the design of most bluegrass mandolins. There are two primary models - the 'A' model, which looks like a teardrop, and the 'F' model, featuring a more intricate shape with an ornamental scroll on the bass side.
Do these models produce different sounds? The short answer is - probably not. In theory, there might be slight variations, but for beginners, the main consideration is whether you are willing to pay more for the aesthetics of the F style. Affordable bluegrass mandolins are typically made of plywood, while higher-quality instruments are carved. Most beginner mandolins are inexpensive A-style instruments, ranging from poor to decent quality. Although they usually come with F holes, models with round or oval holes are occasionally found, with a subtle difference in tone between the two.
Bluegrass mandolins are easily recognizable for their 'chop', a slightly percussive attack that enables them to stand out in a band setting. On the other hand, Celtic mandolins had to be loud enough to compete with guitars, squeeze-boxes, and banjos in close quarters, while the bluegrass type needed to hold its own against other instruments on larger stages, so the ability to cut through and project well was crucial, and the construction reflects that. However, despite being commonly referred to as bluegrass mandolins, they can play a wide range of genres from classical to modern rock, making them a versatile design.
What Makes a Good Mandoline?
Craftsmanship plays a crucial role in determining the quality of a mandolin. The care and precision put into making the instrument greatly impact its overall performance. A well-crafted mandolin should have a straight, properly shaped neck that allows for easy adjustment. This is essential for players of all skill levels, as it ensures smooth and clean fretting of notes. A common issue with cheaper mandolins is the difficulty in setting up the instrument due to poorly shaped necks. A clear indicator of a poorly made mandolin neck is a curved fingerboard between the nut and body join, followed by a rising fingerboard from the body onwards. Opting for a low-quality mandolin can discourage beginners from pursuing the instrument further.
Build Quality
The build quality of a mandolin significantly affects its sound. While cheaper instruments tend to be overbuilt, resulting in a weak and harsh tone, high-end mandolins with a more refined construction produce a rich and full sound.
Choice of Wood
The choice of wood is another crucial factor to consider. Similar to acoustic guitars, a mandolin made from plywood is typically cheaper, while those made from solid wood are more expensive. In the case of arch-top mandolins, there are different construction methods to consider. Cheaper models are crafted from thin pieces of solid wood that are steamed into shape, while higher-quality ones are carved similarly to violin tops. The carving process affects the stiffness of the top and the overall responsiveness and dynamics of the instrument.
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